When does a domain become available again after it has expired?

the domain has already expired, while in this period it can be renewed at no additional cost.
Redemption period (30 days): the expired domain is no longer active and cannot be renewed normally, it will have an additional cost of 200€+VAT.
Pending delete (5 days): the expired and inactive domain is no longer available for renewal.
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The best policy is to renew domains in advance, and make sure to maintain them.